By Otto Newman
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Similarly, a leading English left-wing criminologist calls for the 'disentangling' of the myth of rehabilitation from the reality of imprisonment, but goes on to suggest abandoning rehabilitation rather than abolishing prisons (Taylor, 1981). 36 Justice through Punishment The most radical prison policy now being urged seems to be the 'reductionist' policy (Rutherford, 1984), which calls for imprisonment only for serious offences; for shorter sentences; for the ending of parole; for an ending of overcrowding and inadequate sanitation; for prisons to be more local so that contact can be maintained with families; and for better training for prison officers.
By the late 1960s and early 1970s, the state was coming to be regarded less as the benevolent provider of the means to eradicate deprivation, than as an impersonal, overweaning apparatus intervening too extensively in the lives of citizens whom it too readily categorised as 'deviant'. It became fashionable to think and practise in ways that questioned or opposed the right of the state to impose its definitions of deviancy - be this criminal deviancy or other forms, such as mental illness- and its large-scale, institutionalised remedies for such deviancy.
Erving Goffman (1961) in Asylums shows us how therapy is converted into the naked exercise of power inside the total institution, while the prison critics referred to above complain of the conversion of treatment into control which is entailed by the indeterminate sentence. This conversion of treatment into control is inevitable if such treatment is undertaken in a coercive setting, and it is quite correct to assert that rehabilitation in prisons is 34 Justice through Punishment nothing more than a sham, a part of a disciplinary rather than a genuinely therapeutic apparatus.