By Christopher Read
This publication exhibits that the increase of the intelligentsia happened previous to is generally suggestion, and that via 1922, instead of 1932, the underlying ideas of the recent Soviet government's regulations in the direction of tradition had already emerged, "proto-Stalinism" being more and more vital. quite a few resources were used, together with Proletkul't, Moscow college and the rabfaky and the works of varied members akin to Bagdanov, Lunacharsky, Andreev, Berdiaev and Chagall. Christopher learn has written "Religion, Revolution and the Russian Intelligentsia" and has produced a video "The Decline of Tsarism".
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Additional resources for Culture and Power in Revolutionary Russia: The Intelligentsia and the Transition from Tsarism to Communism
Example text
The fact that Tolstoy was the most widely read author, in town and countryside, shows this in that Tolstoy's writings comprise ablend of imagination, philosophy, history and politics that spoke precisely to the current situation in Russia. His inftuence among the narod was very great, not only among those devote es who formed Tolstoyan communities based on pacifism and opposition to the state, but among many who were less committed to his principles. Tolstoy was the moral teacher not only of a generation of privileged intellectuals but of a wide crosssection of the Russian community in a way that was not paralleled by any other writer, with the possible exception of Gorky whose works also appear to have been absorbed by the narod.
51 The ti niest infringement of the rules could, he says, bring about the dosure of such societies by the authorities. 52 A final piece of evidence presented by the author serves as a warning not to overestimate the penetration of working-dass cirdes achieved by such organisations. In one region of St Petersburg the library of the Metalworkers' Union (a union noted for its militancy and relatively highly conscious membership) was used by only 160 out of 1000 members in a given year and only 732 books were issued.
Rozanov (1856-1919), was moved to write about the potential for a kind of happy anarchism and child-like innocence which 1905 revealed in a book called When Authority Went Away (Kogda nachal'stvo ushlo), which compared the experience to that of the mischievous behaviour of a child in the absence of a strict parent. 35 A second reason for taking them seriously is that their aesthetic inftuence over subsequent generations and schools was very extensive. Arguably, even those who reacted against them owed no little debt to them for putting Russia much more firmly on the European artistic map, particularly in painting.