By Robert S. Feldman
This certain and readable e-book presents readers with a vast evaluation of the sector of human improvement, masking the complete variety of human life—from the instant of notion via death—and concentrating on actual, cognitive, and social and character improvement. It covers easy theories and study findings, in addition to highlighting present purposes outdoor the laboratory. A nine-part association covers beginnings, infancy: forming the rules of lifestyles, the preschool years, the center early life years, early life, early maturity, center maturity, past due maturity, and endings. for people spanning the diversity of human existence—and attempting to maximize its present content material and inherent promise.
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Additional info for [Chapter] Development Across the Life Span
Example text
Increasingly, naturalistic observation employs ethnography a method borrowed from the field of anthropology and used to investigate cultural questions. In ethnography, a researcher’s goal is to understand a culture’s values and attitudes through careful, extended examination. Typically, researchers using ethnography act as participant observers, living for a period of weeks, months, or even years in another culture. By carefully observing everyday life and conducting in-depth interviews, researchers are able to obtain a deep understanding of the nature of life within another culture (Dyson, 2003).
In random assignment, participants are assigned to different experimental groups or “conditions” on the basis of chance and chance alone. By using this technique, the laws of statistics ensure that personal characteristics that might affect the outcome of the experiment are divided proportionally among the participants in the different groups, making groups equivalent. Equivalent groups achieved by random assignment allow an experimenter to draw conclusions with confidence. Figure 1-4 illustrates the Belgian experiment on adolescents exposed to films containing violent or nonviolent imagery and its effects on subsequent aggressive behavior.
Similarly, careful studies of DARE, a popular program meant to reduce children’s use of drugs, began to find that it was ineffective. Using the research findings of developmentalists, DARE instigated new techniques, and preliminary findings suggest that the revised program is more effective (Rhule, 2005; University of Akron, 2006). By building on research findings, developmentalists have worked hand-in-hand with policymakers, and research has a substantial impact on public policies that can benefit us all.