By Menachem Lewin; Irving S Goldstein
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Sample text
As a result of this merger, an elongated tubelike structure of considerable length and highly suitable for the longitudinal translocation of water is created. One type, called scalariform, consists of a number of parallel openings (Figs. In diffuse Figure 21 End of a vessel element with a scalariform perforation plate. Note the large number of intervessel bordered pits on the vessel element wall. ) Page 34 Figure 22 View of vessel elements and connecting simple perforation plate. In either case, free liquid flow between vessel elements is established through perforation plates.
Page 17 Figure 9 Sequence of wood cell development. Note the displacement of cambium and bark cells as new wood cells inserted between existing wood and cambium. Once cell wall thickening occurs, no further growth of the cell is possible. Secondary wall lignification is a more gradual process, initiated when the middle lamella lignin concentration is approximately 50% of the maximum (3) and moves into the secondary wall, lagging just behind secondary wall formation. Cells performing the support and conduction roles usually pass through the five phases of cell development in 14 to 21 days.
Any subsequent process involving the penetration of liquids is obviously more difficult to perform after the wood is dried due to the reduction of liquid flow pathways resulting from pit aspiration. Micrometer bar 1 mm. ), ACS Symposium Series 43, 1977. The rather thick and nonperforated pit membrane precludes free liquid flow between ray parenchyma and longitudinal tracheids. Readers interested in this topic should see Panshin and deZeeuw (4) or Phillips (7), or both. Although additional cell wall features such as spiral thickenings, trabeculae, and Page 26 Figure 17 Longitudinal view of an aspirated bordered pit membrane.