The Pantheon: From Antiquity to the Present by Tod A. Marder, Mark Wilson Jones

By Tod A. Marder, Mark Wilson Jones

The Pantheon is among the most crucial architectural monuments of all time. idea to were equipped by way of Emperor Hadrian in nearly one hundred twenty five advert at the website of an prior, Agrippan-era monument, it brilliantly screens the spatial pyrotechnics emblematic of Roman structure and engineering. The Pantheon offers an up to date account of contemporary learn at the most sensible preserved development within the corpus of historic Roman structure from the time of its development to the twenty-first century. each one bankruptcy addresses a particular basic factor or interval relating the construction; jointly, the essays during this quantity make clear all features of the Pantheon's construction, and determine the significance of the historical past of the construction to an realizing of its old cloth and background, its current nation, and its targeted position within the survival and evolution of old structure in glossy Rome.

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80–70 BC–after 15 BC) that was completed not long after the building of Agrippa’s Pantheon. We also have direct physical evidence for explaining how the actual design of the present building was carried out, how its stones were measured, and how they were cut. This evidence, which is another recent discovery, takes the form of a set of ancient Roman profiles for the portico etched full scale into the limestone paving that lies in front of the Mausoleum of Augustus (Fig. 6, a and b). 17 The templates include such details as the exact column spacing of the portico according to the executed dimensions and the configuration of the bracket-like modillions punctuating the cornice.

There were precedents such as the so-called Temple of Mercury at Baiae, but the effect in the Pantheon is unrivaled as a sensory architectural experience (see Plate IX). Had the interior been built when the canonic Seven Wonders of the World were formulated, it surely would have been among their number. The rotunda is a domed cylinder 55 meters in diameter, with an interior space nearly 44 meters wide spanned by a hemispherical dome. As was common in Roman centralized buildings, the circular geometry of the plan is articulated by two main orthogonal axes and two diagonal axes so as to create eight sectors like slices of a pie (see Plate V).

Literally the field of the war god Mars, the place where military exercises were once held, this district was progressively urbanized in the late Republic. By the end of the first century BC, various public structures serving religious cults and secular entertainments, including temples and altars, theaters, stadia, baths, and parks, were located here. Situated in the heart of today’s historic center in the most densely inhabited part of Rome in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, the Pantheon still dominates Piazza della Rotonda, whose irregular shape has been molded over the ages by the public and private forces that typically strain urban geometry.

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