
By David Shambaugh
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Example text
Difficulties of assimilation and adjustment are profound in many areas. Yet the PLA needed reform from top to bottom. The incremental reforms of the late 1980s had proven insufficient, and bolder steps were warranted. Now such reform has truly begun. Just as the rest of China is making the transition to modernity, so too now is the military. Introduction / 9 organization of the study This book details these reforms and discusses both the progress achieved and the problems associated with implementing them.
They were insulted, scolded, and beaten up. ”24 In other media organizations, such as Renmin Ribao (People’s Daily), Radio Beijing, and Central China Television, PLA personnel were installed as broadcasters, writers, and editors to oversee the campaign. A special exhibition of the suppression was set up at the Military Museum, and the General Political Department dispatched personnel to distribute propaganda leaflets door-to-door in Beijing neighborhoods. Apart from restoring order in the capital and launching the propaganda counteroffensive, the principal task facing the PLA was to police its own ranks and ferret out recalcitrant troops who had shirked duty or opposed orders during the crackdown.
25; a full translation appears in China Quarterly, no. 131 (September 1992). 44. Interviews with Beijing Military Region officers, spring 1991. 45. ” Civil-Military Relations / 29 doctrination started at the top and progressively worked down to the regimental level. A parallel effort was made to strengthen the political commissar, discipline inspection, and party committee systems throughout the armed forces. For the first time, party committees were established at the lowest possible level: the company.