By Svarverud, R.
The subject of this ebook is the early advent and reception of overseas legislation in China. foreign legislation is studied as a part of the creation of the Western sciences and as a theoretical orientation in foreign affairs 1847-1911.
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Sample text
In China the great empires reigning at the beginning of our era, the Qin dynasty (221-206 BC) and the consecutive two Han-dynasties (206 BC-220 AD), had also disintegrated and a number of smaller states aspired to regain cardinal authority and rule the Chinese empire under one dynastic clan to re-establish the former golden age. The multi-state system on the Chinese continent did have the potential to develop into an international order between equal states consisting of relatively homogeneous national, cultural and linguistic groups.
8 Hedley Bull has termed this lack of supremacy in international law an anarchy in international relations: “Whereas men in each state are subject to a common government, sovereign states in their mutual relations are not. This anarchy it is ——— 6 Bull 1966, p. 36 Brownlie 1998, pp. 1-30 8 Osiander 1994, p. ”9 Osiander has focused on the structure and the conditions securing the stability of the international community. ”11 He further argues that because of the conspicuous nature of conflict and war, little focus has been attached to the structure of the stability of the system.
That space for an early modern Chinese interpretation of the world order was not infused with one straightforward and unilateral perspective on China in the world. Rather, it was filled with a wide range of perspectives on China partly drawing on international law and partly on other frames of reference. The main period for the discourse analysed in this chapter is between 1895 and the 1911 revolution. Most of the roots of a modern, Chinese intellectual discourse on China in the world may be found in its early phase in the periodicals of this period.