By Helga Steeg (auth.)
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Extra resources for Energie- und Umweltpolitik
Sample text
Kohlendioxid und Methan freisetzen, die sich bei Druckverminderung abscheiden; - Sauredrainage aus in Betrieb befindlichen oder stillgeiegten Bergwerken und Kohleaufarbeitungsabfalle von Kohlewaschereien sowie Abfalle von Umweltschutzanlagen sind allesamt potentielle Ursachen ftir die Kontamination oberirdischer Gewasser; - thermische Umweltbelastungen durch die Abfltisse aus Ktihlsystemen von Kraftwerken oder durch geothermische Anlagen konnen die Wasserfauna gefahrden. Zu Beginn der siebziger Jahre stellte die thermische Umweltbelastung angesichts der Zahl der in Betrieb befindlichen Kraftwerke und der geplanten weiteren Zunahme eines der wichtigsten Anliegen dar.
Betrieb von Anlagen und zweitens Vertriebsgenehmigungen. isselkriterium fUr die Standortwahl von Neuanlagen dar. Bei stationaren Quellen sind in der Regel Genehmigungen fUr die Inbetriebnahme der betreffenden Anlage erforderlich. Eine Vorbedingung fUr die Genehmigungserteilung kann die DurchfUhrung einer Umweltvertraglichkeitsprlifung sein, die einen erheblichen Aufwand an Zeit und Mlihe erfordern kann. Eine Genehmigung kann widerrufen werden, wenn die entsprechenden Werte unter ein bestimmtes Niveau absinken.
Die wachsende Einsicht in die Umweltfolgen wirtschaftlicher Tatigkeiten im allgemeinen und Energieaktivitaten im besonderen erklart, weshalb viele umweltpolitische Problembereiche erst seit relativ kurzer Zeit als so1che erkannt worden sind. Deshalb dtirfte die Kenntnis von den durch die Auswirkungen dieser Aktivitaten in Gang gesetzten Mechanismen noch luckenhaft sein und in einigen Fallen nur auf Vermutungen beruhen. In dies em Kapitel werden fUr die einzelnen groBen umweltpolitischen Problembereiche die Schadstoffe und die dadurch hervorgerufenen Gefahren sowie die Kausalbeziehungen dargestellt, die zwischen Energieaktivitaten, Schadstoffen und Umwelteffekten ermittelt worden sind.