By Tatyana P. Soubbotina
What's improvement?
How will we examine the degrees of improvement attained through diverse international locations? And what does it take to make improvement sustainable?
This e-book deals no basic solutions to those complicated questions. as an alternative, the authors motivate readers to hunt their very own options via reading and synthesizing info on more than a few severe improvement concerns together with inhabitants development, financial development, fairness, poverty, schooling, health and wellbeing, industrialization, urbanization, privatization, alternate, weather switch, and extra.
The booklet, which attracts on info released through the realm financial institution, is addressed to lecturers, scholars, and all these attracted to exploring problems with international improvement.
This identify is a ebook of the area financial institution Institute -- selling wisdom and studying for a greater international.
Read or Download Beyond Economic Growth: Meeting the Challenges of Global Development PDF
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Extra resources for Beyond Economic Growth: Meeting the Challenges of Global Development
Sample text
Throughout the 20th century, national indicators of life expectancy have been strongly associated with GNP per capita. 1 (GNP per capita, 1995), you will find that in general the higher a country’s income per capita, the higher is its life expectancy—although this relationship does not explain all the differences among regions and countries. 1 Life expectancy at birth, 1995 Years 100 90 80 81 74 72 66 70 68 70 73 65 68 64 61 62 60 50 53 50 40 30 20 10 0 High-income countries Male Latin America and the Caribbean East Asia and the Pacific Europe and Central Asia South Asia Sub-Saharan Africa Female are improvements in medical technology (with some countries clearly making better use of it than others) and development of and better access to public health services (particularly clean water, sanitation, and food regulation).
There is a worldwide trend toward urbanization. In most countries it is a natural consequence and stimulus of economic development based on industrialization and postindustrialization (see Chapter 9). Thus the level of urbanization, as measured by the share of a country’s urban population in its total population, is highest in the most developed, high-income countries and lowest in the least developed, lowincome countries (see Data Table 2). 1). 1 percent in high-income countries. Because the developing world has a larger population, percentages of its population also represent more people.
The national stock of human capital and its rate of increase are critical to a country’s level and rate of economic development, primarily because human capital is the most important determinant of a country’s ability to produce and adopt technological innovations. But investing in human capital, although extremely important, is not sufficient for rapid economic growth. Such investment must be accompanied by the right development strategy. Consider the Philippines and Vietnam. In both countries adult literacy is higher than in most other Southeast Asian countries (see Data Table 2).