
By Marino Regini
This booklet argues that ecu economies weren't deregulated within the Eighties. whereas outdated, politically-centralized associations have misplaced significance, institutional preparations proceed to form fiscal habit of peripheral actors. The book's significance lies not only in exhibiting that the existing deregulation view is incorrect so far as continental ecu international locations are involved, yet particularly in outlining another development of "micro-social" legislation in their economies.
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Extra resources for Uncertain Boundaries: The Social and Political Construction of European Economies
Sample text
This conviction, too, seems to have been borne out by the events of the late 1970s. Three major European countries with traditionally noncorporatist policy-making systems sought to introduce social pacts which resembled the arrangements already in place in the successful countries: Great Britain had its 'social contract' of 1974-9; Italy introduced its 'negotiated laws' during the 'national solidarity' period of 1977-9 (Regini 1984); and Spain formulated a series of framework agreements, in some cases tripartite, in others bipartite, which were signed almost yearly after the 'Moncloa pacts' of 1977 had stabilized the new democratic regime (Perez Diaz 1987; Ojeda Aviles 1990).
However, I will not discuss the relative merits and shortcomings of these types here. I shall instead restrict myself to describing the development of the welfare state in Italy as a concrete example of a hybrid among analytically distinct types (see the first section of Chapter 4). PERVERSE EFFECTS AND RESPONSES TO THE CRISIS The growth of the Keynesian welfare state brought with it a number of unintended and to some extent perverse effects - effects which have been responsible for the crisis in this mode of regulating the economy during the past two decades and which have also produced diverse attempts to cope with it.
The political regime that corresponded to this system of relationships between trade unions and state was that of the more advanced social democracies: Sweden and Norway and, to a certain extent, Austria. Unstable concertation 39 Until the 1980s, Sweden was a classic example of the pattern of stable neocorporatism based on an exchange largely directed and controlled by the labour movement. , Korpi 1978; Martin 1979; Stephens 1979), and the reader is referred to them for a detailed description (on Austria, see Marin 1983).