By Helga Kristjánsdóttir
This ebook presents attention-grabbing examples of the methods renewable and sustainable strength can aid fiscal progress, with the intention to be illuminating for educational researchers and scholars, in addition to these attracted to eco-friendly funding possibilities. The certain glacial, volcanic and oceanic environments of Iceland and Greenland offer ample renewable strength assets within the type of hydropower and geothermal power. As one of many few countries on the planet with a hundred% renewable electrical energy creation, Iceland is a compelling case learn of a sustainable power pushed financial system. attention of Greenland offers an enticing distinction, as its huge, immense power for hydropower scale-up has basically been minimally harnessed. The variable and glued expense components governing additional growth and export of the areas’ sustainable energy through sub-sea cable are detailed.
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Extra resources for Sustainable Energy Resources and Economics in Iceland and Greenland
Sample text
Multinational operations are dependent on factors like country market size and abundant resources (Kristjánsdóttir 2010). Vertical foreign direct investment generally involves that firms allocate production in other 4 Multinational Activities and Foreign Direct Investment 36 Vertical foreign direct investment versus Horizontal foreign direct investment Headquarters Facility Production stage 2 Headquarters Facility Production stage 2 Facility Production stage 2 Facility Production stage 1 Fig. 5 Vertical and horizontal foreign direct investment.
Geothermal power plants are operational plants producing electric power by extracting heat from the ground. There are basically two types of geothermal power stations, low (binary) enthalpy and high enthalpy. The low enthalpy plants are generally more expensive than the high enthalpy ones (Figs. 22). HS Orka is one of the leading firms in harnessing the renewable groundwater and geothermal resources in Iceland (Fig. 23). There are more than 130 swimming pools in Iceland all around the country, because of the abundance of geothermal heat.
5). Horizontal MNE’s activities generally take place when countries are similar in size and relative endowments, and trade costs being moderate to high (Fig. 4). The main properties of the horizontal and vertical models are combined in the Knowledge-Capital (KK) model of the multinational by Markusen, Venables, Konan, and Zhang (1996), and a specification of the model was presented by Carr, Markusen and Maskus (CMM) (2001). The KK model includes source endowments as part of its components and factors like investment cost and trade cost, and therefore it accounts for both horizontal and vertical motives of FDI.