By J. Barry Cullingworth, Roger Caves
;Planning within the united states: guidelines, matters and approaches НАУКА и УЧЕБА,ДИЗАЙН и ГРАФИКА Название: making plans within the united states Автор:J Cullingworth Издательство: Routledge Год: 2003 Страниц: 336 ISBN: 0415247896 Формат: PDF Язык: Английский Размер: 5,1 MBThis commonly revised and up to date variation of making plans within the united states maintains to supply a entire creation to the rules, conception and perform of making plans. Outlining land use, city making plans and environmental security guidelines, this totally illustrated booklet explains the character of the making plans approach and how during which coverage concerns are pointed out, outlined and approached.Скачать.com uploading.com0
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Extra info for Planning in the USA: Policies, Issues and Processes
Example text
It is difficult to think of anything more complex than putting a person on the moon, but agreement on that single objective, coupled with the provision of the necessary resources, enabled problems of great complexity to be resolved. The practice of planning Practitioners are quick to point out that planning involves deciding between opposing interests and objectives: personal gain versus sectional advantage or public benefit, short-term profit versus long-term gain, efficiency versus cheapness, to name but a few.
Thus the seller’s concept of property rights in land came to include the right of the owner to earn a profit from his land, and indeed to change the very essence of the land, if necessary to obtain that profit. ‘Cheap land has as one of its consequences that of stimulating and universalizing acquisitive instincts and respect for property rights’ (Philbrick 1938:723). However, the time came when the ever-receding frontier ceased to be so; it was overtaken, and land became more valuable. One might have expected the growth of a conservationist ethic, as is prevalent in western Europe.
Its chronic shortage of resources, and its perpetual concern about future costs of maintaining the public estate, leads it to try to secure the maximum amount of public benefit from developers. The public process also involves a multiplicity of agencies each with its own objectives, plans, finances, and concerns. These numerous agencies operate in their specific areas of competence and responsibility (water, roads, schools, parks, libraries, waste disposal, clean air, fire services, and so on).