By Mark J. Kilgard
Created through Silicon pictures, Inc., OpenGL has turn into the general for the 3D pictures programming neighborhood. From SGI's X home windows images specialist, who built the software toolkit which serves because the cornerstone of OpenGL, this booklet explains how the OpenGL libraries are carried out less than X home windows permitting programmers to use the convenience and performance of OpenGL.
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Extra resources for OpenGL Programming for the X Window System
Sample text
With glDrawElements(), the vertices for each face of the cube can be placed in an array of indices. Example 2-11 shows two ways to use glDrawElements() to render the cube. Figure 2-15 shows the numbering of the vertices used in Example 2-11. edu/ebt-bin/nph-dweb/dynaweb/SGI_Developer/OpenGL_PG/@Generic__BookTextView/1963;hf=0;cs=fullhtml;lang=pt (31 of 44) [20-03-2000 23:26:01] OpenGL Programming Guide (Addison-Wesley Publishing Company) static GLubyte topIndices = {2, 3, 7, 6}; glDrawElements(GL_QUADS, glDrawElements(GL_QUADS, glDrawElements(GL_QUADS, glDrawElements(GL_QUADS, glDrawElements(GL_QUADS, glDrawElements(GL_QUADS, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, frontIndices); rightIndices); bottomIndices); backIndices); leftIndices); topIndices); Or better still, crunch all the indices together: static GLubyte allIndices = {4, 5, 6, 7, 1, 2, 6, 5, 0, 1, 5, 4, 0, 3, 2, 1, 0, 4, 7, 3, 2, 3, 7, 6}; glDrawElements(GL_QUADS, 24, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, allIndices); Note: It is an error to encapsulate glDrawElements() between a glBegin()/glEnd() pair.
Nonplanar polygons can be viewed from some orientation such that the edges cross each other, and OpenGL might not render such polygons correctly. ● There's always a trade-off between the display speed and the quality of the image. If you subdivide a surface into a small number of polygons, it renders quickly but might have a jagged appearance; if you subdivide it into millions of tiny polygons, it probably looks good but might take a long time to render. Ideally, you can provide a parameter to the subdivision routines that indicates how fine a subdivision you want, and if the object is farther from the eye, you can use a coarser subdivision.
For the vertex coordinate array, the corresponding command would be glVertex[size][type]v(), where size is one of [2,3,4], and type is one of [s,i,f,d] for GLshort, GLint, GLfloat, and GLdouble respectively. Both size and type were defined by glVertexPointer(). For other enabled arrays, glArrayElement() calls glEdgeFlagv(), glTexCoord[size][type]v(), glColor[size][type]v(), glIndex[type]v(), and glNormal[type]v(). If the vertex coordinate array is enabled, the glVertex*v() routine is executed last, after the execution (if enabled) of up to five corresponding array values.