By Springhouse
Nurse's 5-Minute scientific seek advice: Diagnostic Tests covers over 500 diagnostic studies—from arthrocentesis to zinc blood levels—with step by step process directions, basic findings, and irregular leads to a quick-scanning structure. checks are prepared alphabetically, and every is gifted on one web page with constant headings, together with description, objective, sufferer practise, instructing issues, key steps, postprocedure care, precautions, problems, general findings, and irregular results.
Recurring icons spotlight warnings and interfering components. Illustrated, reproducible patient-teaching aids are integrated the place acceptable. 1000's of illustrations, images, charts, and tables supplement the text.
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PURPOSE ◆ To diagnose acute pancreatitis when serum amylase levels are normal or borderline ◆ To aid in the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis and salivary gland disorders PREPARATION ◆ No dietary restrictions are required. ◆ Notify the laboratory and practition- er of drugs the patient is taking that may affect test results; it may be necessary to restrict such drugs. Teaching points ◆ Explain to the patient that this test ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ evaluates the function of the pancreas and the salivary glands.
COMPLICATIONS ◆ Bleeding at the puncture site ◆ Hematoma ◆ Sepsis or extravasation of contrast medium WARNING Watch for and report signs that adjacent organs have been punctured, such as pain in the abdomen or flank, or pneumothorax. qxd 15/8/08 14:34 Page 34 Antibody screening OVERVIEW DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE INTERPRETATION DESCRIPTION KEY STEPS NORMAL RESULTS ◆ Also called the indirect Coombs’ test ◆ Detects unexpected circulating anti- ◆ Confirm the patient’s identity using ◆ Agglutination doesn’t occur, indicat- bodies ◆ Detects 95% to 99% of the circulating antibodies PURPOSE ◆ To detect unexpected circulating an- tibodies to red blood cell (RBC) antigens in the recipient’s or donor’s serum before transfusion ◆ To determine the presence of anti-D antibody in maternal blood ◆ To evaluate the need for Rho(D) immune globulin ◆ To aid in the diagnosis of acquired hemolytic anemia PREPARATION ◆ The test requires a blood sample.
Instruct the patient to resume medications stopped before the test. PRECAUTIONS ◆ Maintain standard precautions while performing the test. ◆ Handle the sample gently to prevent hemolysis. COMPLICATIONS ◆ Hematoma at the venipuncture site er of drugs the patient is taking that may affect test results; it may be necessary to restrict such drugs. Teaching points ◆ Explain to the patient that the anion ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ gap test determines the cause of acidosis. Tell the patient that a blood sample is needed and that he may experience slight discomfort from the tourniquet and needle puncture.