By Michael S. Neiberg
This publication examines the Reserve officials education Corps application as a distinctively American expression of the social, cultural, and political meanings of army carrier. because 1950, ROTC has produced approximately out of 3 American lively accountability officials, but there was no entire scholarly examine civilian officer education schemes in approximately 40 years. whereas latest army platforms teach and teach junior officials at insular academies like West aspect, simply the U.S. has relied seriously at the energetic cooperation of its civilian faculties. Michael Neiberg argues that the construction of officer education schemes on civilian campuses emanates from a conventional American trust (which he lines to the colonial interval) within the energetic participation of civilians in army affairs. even though this ideology replaced form during the 20th century, it by no means disappeared. throughout the chilly battle army buildup, ROTC got here to fill roles: it supplied the army with huge numbers of well-educated officials, and it supplied the kingdom with an army made from citizen-soldiers. Even in the course of the Vietnam period, officials, college directors, and such a lot scholars understood ROTC's twin function. The Vietnam battle therefore resulted in reform, now not abandonment, of ROTC. Mining varied assets, together with army and college documents, Making Citizen-Soldiers presents an in-depth examine an immense, yet usually neglected, connection among the civilian and army spheres.
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Extra info for Making Citizen-Soldiers: ROTC and the Ideology of American Military Service
Example text
Since the vast majority of students, especially those in the land-grant system, attended colleges close to home, ROTC reinforced the localized nature of the National Guard system and remained consistent with traditional beliefs in the value of the militia. The initial number of ROTC units was limited, due to the relatively meager funds the War Department made available for the new program; therefore intense competition developed among schools that wished to acquire a unit. 39 Students seemed to share these sentiments.
Furthermore, these units gave the students who joined an opportunity to discharge their military obligation without interrupting their education. ”4 Nevertheless, ROTC would have remained marginal to the development of active-duty officers had the United States not opted for a massive expansion of the military in the 1950s. This expansion involved both men and machines. 5 Indeed, the events of the early Cold War convinced American military and political planners of the need for a much larger standing military than had been planned in the years immediately following the end of World War II.
These reasons were sufficiently compelling to overshadow many areas of concern and disagreement. 12 The program enjoyed strong support from those in charge of its welfare and rarely had to deal with vocal or sustained opposition. 13 The quest for harmony meant that areas of dissonance, especially during the height of the Cold War, were muted. The universities and the services worked out problems through an informal process of congenial reform and compromise that allowed each side to defend its position on the patriotic grounds of better preparing the American officer.