
By Jack A. Roth, James D. Cox, Waun Ki Hong
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Extra resources for Lung Cancer Second edition
Sample text
Kawajiri K, Nakachi K, Imai K, Watanabe I, Hayashi S1. Germ line polymorphisms of p53 and CYP1A1 genes involved in human lung cancer. Carcinogenesis 1993;14: 1085-1 089. Jin X, Wu X, Roth JA, et al. Higher lung cancer risk for younger AfricanAmericans with the Pro/Pro p53 genotype. Carcinogenesis 1995;16: 2205-2208. Hagmar L, Brogger A, Hansteen IL, et al. Cancer risk in humans predicted by increased levels of chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes: nordic study group on the health risk of chromosome damage.
The second concept is the multistep carcinogenic process (5). , cigarette smoke), as evidenced by 1) the linear relationship between DNA adduct in human lung and cigarette smoking (6-8), 2) the increased frequency of micronuclei in high-risk tissue and premalignant lesions (9), and 3) the accumulation of multiple genetic alterations in the bronchial epithelium of smokers (10-13). A recent study of benzo-[a]-pyrene adduct formation along the p53 gene exons provides further supporting evidence for an etiologic link between cigarette smoking and lung cancer (14).
1 (19-22). Ciliated cells are dominant: They are present throughout the entire length of the air-conducting system extending into the respiratory bronchioles. The ciliated cells are believed to be terminally differentiated and unable to divide. 1. Major cell types in adult human airway and alveolar epithelium Airway epithelium Ciliated cells Mucous cells Small mucous granule cells Goblet cells Serous cells Clara cells Neuroendocrine (Ku1chitsky) cells Basal cells Alveolar epithelium Type I pneumocyte Type II pneumocyte Source: Data from Jeffrey PK and Reid L (19), McDowell EM et al.