By F. Dovring
This essay has grown out of an try and locate the solutions to difficulties essentially inherent within the making of historic re seek. frequent between humanists is a vagueness of con cepts which repeatedly makes it tricky or most unlikely to translate our state of mind into the phrases of common technological know-how or vice versa. It sounds, occasionally, as though humanistic reports have been an international of its personal, instead of part of the flora and fauna we all1ive in. How lengthy will we move on believing that there are other forms of information ~ To this clash of conception, one other is additional: a sense of urgency approximately cultural difficulties which are too frequently left to the long run to resolve. historical past isn't, as a few average scientists are likely to think, an issue of no sensible end result. it's a virulent consider political and social conflicts and a easy substance within the constitution of our personalities. the current dynamic epoch increases with specific tension the matter of realizing the conditioning impact which the previous routines upon the current in each one specific neighborhood. any such substance is neither a toy for hobby spare time activities nor an blameless weapon within the palms of dictators. that's, then, the accountability of the historian, either for what he does and for what he abstains from doing ~ the need to remain self reliant for you to method objectivity makes for no effortless answer.
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Extra resources for History as a Social Science: An Essay on the Nature and Purpose of Historical Studies
Sample text
Yet, geological history is built up of a few, simple elements when compared to human history. There can be no doubt that the human mind is the most highly complicated phenomenon that exists under the sun, and hence the one that creates more individually different combinations than anything else on earth. The fact that we are all dissimilar depends ultimately on the fact that we are constituted by so many different variable factors in combination, that each such individual combination carries an enormously small probability of occurring.
The structure of a statistical population can be foreseen by such a calculation. If, on the contrary, our interest does not lie in what can be observed in large series, but something individual - that is, if we are interested primarily in its individual features and not only in a case illustrating a rule - then we have to face a very different situation. The winding coast of Europe, for instance, has been shaped through action of basically the same physical laws that governed the creation of the straight, steep African coastlines, although in a different combination of variables.
It might sound slightly shocking to define historical science as research on sources, the science of the remainders of the past. A statement of this kind would meet much less opposition in archaeology, ethnography and art history, or even 23 The sources in history of literature and religious history. The reason is obviously that, in these disciplines, the sources are also museum objects attracting considerable interest for their own sake. The peculiar thing about political history - and some modern specialized disciplines such as economic history - is that the aim of its research is not, usually, knowledge about the sources but almost entirely knowledge about the past itself, that which underlies the existence of the sources.