By Brian Kahin, Dominique Foray
The revolution in details expertise transforms not just info and its makes use of yet, extra very important, wisdom and the methods we generate and deal with it. wisdom is now obvious as enter, output, and capital, whether imperfectly accounted for or understood. Many companies and public firms are confident that wisdom might be controlled in subtle, rational methods and that networking and knowledge know-how are crucial instruments for doing so. during this assortment, specialists from North the US and Europe examine the transformation of data within the international economic system in gentle of the speedy alterations in details expertise, the ensuing explosion of facts, the popularity of intangibles as assets of price and legal responsibility, and the more and more blurred contrast among deepest and public knowledge.The allure of the web as boundary-spanning wisdom infrastructure, bridging all sectors of the economic climate, is shadowed by way of one other infrastructure of rights-based contracts, practices, and associations. The members handle the ways that the techniques for growing and organizing wisdom have interaction with details expertise, company method, and altering social and fiscal stipulations. They talk about the balkanization that effects from the complexity of the information economic climate, the diversity of data assets, the good range of institutional and marketplace contexts, and competing types of regulate and cooperation--and of proprietary and non-proprietary knowledge.Contributors:Berglind ?sgeirsd?ttir, Carliss Y. Baldwin, Kim B. Clark, Iain M. Cockburn, Patrick Cohendet, Robin Cowan, Paul A. David, Jan Fagerberg, Brian Fitzgerald, Dominque Foray, Peter A. Freeman, Fred Gault, Dietmar Harhoff, Margaret Hedstrom, C. Suzanne Iacono, Brian Kahin, John Leslie King, Kurt Larsen, Josh Lerner, Bengt-?ke Lundvall, David C. Mowery, Arti ok. Rai, Bhaven Sampat, Martin Schaaper, Tom Schuller, W. Edward Steinmueller, Stefan Thomke, Jean Tirole, Reinhilde Veugelers, St?phan Vincent-Lancrin, Eric von Hippel, Andrew Wyckoff
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While there is a considerable literature on clusters and other geographical characteristics (OECD 2001; Florida 2002), stimulated by the work of Porter (1990), statistical organizations and academics are still working on indictors that could provide reproducible evidence of the existence and performance of a cluster. While Florida has a number of indicators that can be derived from census of population data and that can distinguish regions more likely to attract the highly qualified labor force needed for knowledge activities in firms, there are also indicators of educational attainment and of the quality of the educational institutions.
Innovation environment remains weak in a number of key ‘‘input’’ indicators. U. innovation system that need to be looked at to explain its problems, to focus on the high-productivity growth areas, and to gain a higher rate of return from its knowledge investments. What Determines a Nation’s Innovation Capacity? What are these factors that determine an economy’s ‘‘national innovation capacity,’’ defined as the ability of a nation not only to produce new ideas but also to commercialize a flow of innovative technologies over the longer term?
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