By Rockford Lhotka
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Extra resources for Expert VB 2005 Business Objects, Second Edition
Sample text
Like the Data Access layer, it’s important to recognize that the designs for data storage and management are typically very procedural. Table 1-1 summarizes the five layers and their roles. Table 1-1. The Five Logical Layers and the Roles They Provide Layer Roles Presentation Renders display and collects user input. UI Acts as an intermediary between the user and the business logic, taking user input and providing it to the business logic, then returning results to the user. Business Logic Provides all business rules, validation, manipulation, processing, and security for the application.
Achieving a high degree of fault tolerance isn’t easy. It requires a great deal of thought and effort to locate all points of failure and make them redundant. Having fewer physical tiers in an architecture can assist in this process by reducing the number of tiers that must be made redundant. To summarize, the number of physical tiers in an architecture is a trade-off between performance, scalability, security, and fault tolerance. Furthermore, the optimal configuration for a web application isn’t the same as the one for an intranet application with smart client machines.
Another common role for the Data Access layer is to provide mapping between the objectoriented business logic and the relational data in a data store. A good object-oriented model is almost never the same as a good relational database model. Objects often contain data from multiple tables, or even from multiple databases; or conversely, multiple objects in the model can represent a single table. The process of taking the data from the tables in a relational model and getting it into the object-oriented model is called object-relational mapping (ORM), and I’ll have more to say on the subject in Chapter 2.