By Veblen O., Whitehead J. H.
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Cit. pp. 270–273. 2 Proposition Let A be a quaternion algebra over K. There exists a unique involution J0 of A(a1 , a2 ), q → q J0 of the first kind satisfying the following mutually equivalent conditions: (1) (2) (3) (4) {q ∈ A | q J0 = q} = K. The sign of J0 is −1. The reduced trace of q ∈ A is given by Tr(q) = q J0 + q. The reduced norm N (q) of q ∈ A is N (q) = qq J0 . In the case of A(a1 , a2 ) for q = e0 α0 + e1 α1 + e2 α2 + e3 α3 , q J0 = e0 α0 − e1 α1 − e2 α2 − e3 α3 and N (q) = qq J0 = α02 − 3 ai αi2 .
If n is even A = KeN with eN = e1 · · · en . Furthermore, C (n even) and C + (n odd) both are in the Brauer class of ⊗i A. over K and B a simple algebra, A ⊗ B is simple. A. A. over K. Definition. A. over K. A is similar to A if there exist finitedimensional spaces V and V such that A ⊗ EndV A ⊗ EndV as K-algebras. This relation of similarity is an equivalence relation. s becomes a semigroup with [K] = [M(n, K)] as the identity, denoted by B(F ). Proposition and Definition. For any K-algebra A, let A0 denote the opposite algebra. A. and A ⊗ A0 End A (algebra of linear endomorphisms of A). A. A. B(F ) is called the Brauer group of A.